Abstract `The objective of the current work was to investigate the phytochemicals, and to determine the types of phenolic acids and flavonoids in aerial parts of Euphorbia cyathophora since no previous work has been done in Iraq. The aerial parts of Euphobiacyathophorawere defatted by petroleum ether 40-60˚C, then extracted by 80% ethanol using soxhelt apparatus. The hydroalcoholic extract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. Then Fractionation using chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n. butanol. The ethyl acetate and n. butanol fractions were separately reflexed with 5% HCl for several hours. Fractions (ethyl acetate and n. butanol) before and after hydrolysis were examined by HPTLC (high performance thin-layer chromatography) for their flavonoids and phenolic acids contents. Anthraquinon, cardiac glycosides, alkaloid and steroids were not detected in crude extract. Flavonoids and phenolic acids were detected in analyzed fractions. Quercetrin and rutin respectively were the main identified flavonoids in ethyl acetate and n. butanol fractions before hydrolysis; quercetin was the main detected aglycone in acidic hydrolyzed fractions. Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid only detected in n. butanol fractions.
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caffeic acid,
p-coumaric acid,
quercetin,
kaempferol,
luteolin,
apigenin,
isorahmnetin) were purchased from Chengdu
Biopurify Phytochemicals, China (purity >97). Silica gel GF254 TLC plates used were obtained from E. Merck Ltd., India …
